flora

../
about/
projects/flora/
repository/
support/
contact/

Mount Olympus, located in northern Greece, is the highest mountain in the country, rising to 2917 m. above sea level. It is part of the Olympus Range, which is predominantly composed of sedimentary rocks such as limestone, marl, and schist. Geologically, Mt. Olympus is the result of tectonic processes dating back millions of years, primarily the collision of the African and Eurasian tectonic plates. The mountain’s distinctive ridges and steep slopes were shaped by erosion, glaciation and ongoing tectonic activity. The region also showcases a variety of geological formations, including fault lines and rock layers that provide valuable insight into the Earth’s crustal development during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras. Notably, the mountain’s geology offers a window into the complex tectonic dynamics of the Mediterranean region.

Ecologically, Mt. Olympus is recognized as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve due to its remarkable biodiversity and varied climatic conditions, which result from its diverse topography and altitudinal gradient. The mountain’s ecosystems range from Mediterranean vegetation at lower elevations to alpine flora at higher altitudes, making it an important site for studying ecological succession and species adaptation. The mountain’s unique flora and fauna are influenced by the interplay between the temperate climate of the Thessalian Plain and the harsher, more variable conditions higher up. It is home to numerous endemic species, including the rare Olympus salamander and several species of alpine plants, which thrive in the distinct microclimates found across the slopes.

Mt. Olympus houses 25% of greek flora which contains species protected under Annexes IIb and IVc of the European Directive 92/43/EEC on the ‘Conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora’. 26 endemic species have been recorded. A special interest to scientists, Jancaea heldreichii* [stenoendemic chasmophyte] constitutes a floral relic of the Tertiary period and is the only species in its genus. Our initiative to document the fauna and flora of mt. Olympus National Park plays a crucial role in the scientific understanding and conservation of this biodiversity hotspot. By systematically photographing and cataloging the species within the park, we contribute to a comprehensive database that supports ecological research and biodiversity monitoring. These visual records are invaluable for tracking changes in species populations, understanding ecological interactions, and identifying potential threats to the park’s endemic and protected species.

Furthermore, by contributing detailed, field-based observations, we provide essential data that enhances the scientific community’s ability to preserve these unique ecosystems. This effort supports the protection of biodiversity on Mount Olympus and offers critical insights into the broader impacts of environmental change on similar ecosystems across the region. By studying species behavior, distribution, and ecological roles, researchers can better predict how environmental changes—such as climate shifts or human activities—might impact the park’s biodiversity. This research not only deepens our knowledge of Mount Olympus’s natural heritage but also contributes to global ecological studies, providing valuable data that informs conservation efforts in other critical habitats around the world.

[1]: * Root microbiome along an altitude gradient of the lithophytic Ramonda heldreichii, an endemo-relict species of Mount Olympus [Preprint research paper]
[https://ssrn.com/abstract=4924858]
[2]: * Microbiome analysis of the lithophytic resurrection plant Ramonda heldreichii, reveals root driven tight-rhizosphere vs elevation specific loose-rhizosphere communities
[Full research paper]

Contribution statement:
Athanasios Theodorakopoulos: Supervision, Conceptualization, Investigation, Photography, Writing, Review/editing
Eleftherios Kipopoulos: Supervision, Conceptualization, Review/editing
Themida Nasopoulou – MSc Biological Diversity: Review/editing
Konstantinos Fourkiotis: Conseptualization

Binomial name: Rupicapra rupicapra subsp. balcanica
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Bovidae
Subfamily: Caprinae
Genus: Rupicapra
Species: rupicapra
Subsp.: balcanica

Binomial name: Sus scrofa
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Suidae
Genus: Sus
Species: scrofa

Binomial name: Vulpes vulpes
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Canidae
Genus: Vulpes
Species: vulpes

Binomial name: Rana graeca
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Ranidae
Genus: Rana
Species: graeca

Binomial name: Salamandra salamandra
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Urodela
Family: Salamandridae
Genus: Salamandra
Species: salamandra

Binomial name: Lacerta viridis
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Lacertidae
Genus: Lacerta
Species: viridis

Binomial name: Malpolon insignitus
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder:Serpentes
Family: Lamprophiidae
Genus: Malpolon
Species: insignitus

Binomial name: Zamenis longissimus
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Colubridae
Genus: Zamenis
Species: longissimus

Binomial name: Natrix natrix
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Colubridae
Genus: Natrix
Species: natrix

Binomial name: Limenitis reducta
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Genus: Limenitis
Species: reducta

Binomial name: Maniola jurtina
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Genus: Maniola
Species: jurtina

Binomial name: Pontia daplidice
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Pieridae
Genus: Pontia
Species: daplidice

Binomial name: Polyommatus icarus
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Lycaenidae
Genus: Polyommatus
Species: icarus

Binomial name: Pieris brassicae
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Pieridae
Genus: Pieris
Species: brassicae

Binomial name: Gonepteryx rhamni
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Pieridae
Genus: Gonepteryx
Species: rhamni

Binomial name: Melitaea didyma
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Genus: Melitaea
Species: didyma

Binomial name: Iphiclides podalirius
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Papilionidae
Genus: Iphiclides
Species: podalirius

Binomial name: Melanargia galathea
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Genus: Melanargia
Species: galathea

Binomial name: Thaumetopoea pityocampa
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Superfamily: Noctuoidea
Family: Notodontidae
Genus: Thaumetopoea
Species: pityocampa

Binomial name: Saturnia pyri
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Saturniidae
Genus: Saturnia
Species: pyri

Binomial name: Zygaena filipendulae
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Zygaenidae
Genus: Zygaena
Species: filipendulae

Binomial name: Adscita statices
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Zygaenidae
Genus: Adscita
Species: statices

Binomial name: Nemoptera sinuata
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Neuroptera
Family: Nemopteridae
Genus: Nemoptera
Species: sinuata

Binomial name: Bombus sp.
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Superfamily: Apoidea
Clade: Anthophila
Family: Apidae
Genus: Bombus

Binomial name: Morimus funereus
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Cerambycidae
Subfamily: Lamiinae
Genus: Morimus
Species: funereus

Binomial name: Hycleus polymorphus
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Meloidae
Genus: Hycleus
Species: polymorphus

Binomial name: Leptophyes punctatissima
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Ensifera
Family: Tettigoniidae
Subfamily: Phaneropterinae
Genus: Leptophyes
Species: punctatissima

Binomial name: Argiope lobata
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Araneidae
Genus: Argiope
Species: lobata

Binomial name: Lycosa tarantula
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Lycosidae
Genus: Lycosa
Species: tarantula

Binomial name: Phalangium opilio
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Arachnida
Order: Opiliones
Family: Phalangiidae
Genus: Phalangium
Species: opilio

Binomial name: Testudo hermanni
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Testudines
Suborder: Cryptodira
Superfamily: Testudinoidea
Family: Testudinidae
Genus: Testudo
Species: hermanni

Binomial name: Larus sp.
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Charadriiformes
Family: Laridae
Subfamily:Larinae
Genus: Larus

Binomial name: Columba livia
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Columbiformes
Family: Columbidae
Genus: Columba
Species: livia

Binomial name: Lanius senator
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Laniidae
Genus: Lanius
Species: senator

Binomial name: Lanius collurio
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Laniidae
Genus: Lanius
Species: collurio

Binomial name: Turdus merula
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Turdidae
Genus: Turdus
Species: merula

Binomial name: Sturnus vulgaris
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Sturnidae
Genus: Sturnus
Species: vulgaris

Binomial name: Fringilla coelebs
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Fringillidae
Genus: Fringilla
Species: coelebs

Binomial name: Parus major
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Paridae
Genus: Parus
Species: major

Binomial name: Clathrus ruber
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Phallales
Family: Phallaceae
Genus: Clathrus
Species: ruber

Binomial name: Ramaria aurea
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Gomphales
Family: Gomphaceae
Genus: Ramaria
Species: aurea

Binomial name: Colchicum doerfleri
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Liliales
Family: Colchicaceae
Genus: Colchicum
Species: doerfleri

Binomial name: Crocus chrysanthus
Kingdom: Plantae
[unranked]: Angiosperms
[unranked]: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Subfamily: Crocoideae
Genus: Crocus
Species: chrysanthus

Binomial name: Ajuga reptans
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Ajuga
Species: reptans

Binomial name: Anacamptis morio
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Genus: Anacamptis
Species: morio

Binomial name: Anacamptis papilionacea
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Genus: Anacamptis
Species: papilionacea

Binomial name: Anacamptis pyramidalis
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily:Orchidoideae
Genus: Anacamptis
Species: pyramidalis

Binomial name: Allium heldreichii
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Allioideae
Genus: Allium
Species: heldreichii

Binomial name: Allium sphaerocephalon
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Allioideae
Genus: Allium
Species: sphaerocephalon

Binomial name: Allium ampeloprasum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Allioideae
Genus: Allium
Species: ampeloprasum

Binomial name: Anchusa azurea
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Boraginales
Family: Boraginaceae
Genus: Anchusa
Species: azurea

Binomial name: Aubrieta thessala
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Brassicales
Family: Brassicaceae
Genus: Aubrieta
Species: thessala

Binomial name: Aquilegia amaliae
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Ranunculaceae
Genus: Aquilegia
Species: amaliae

Binomial name: Ballota nigra
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Ballota
Species: nigra

Binomial name: Bellis perennis
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Bellis
Species: perennis

Binomial name: Buglossoides purpurocearulea
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Boraginales
Family: Boraginaceae
Subfamily: Boraginoideae
Genus: Buglossoides
Species: purpurocearulea

Binomial name: Bituminaria bituminosa
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Tribe: Psoraleeae
Genus: Bituminaria
Species: bituminosa

Binomial name: Bupleurum sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Subfamily: Apioideae
Tribe: Bupleureae
Genus: Bupleurum

Binomial name: Campanula lingulata
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Campanulaceae
Genus: Campanula
Species: lingulata

Binomial name: Campanula spatulata
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Campanulaceae
Genus: Campanula
Species: spatulata

Binomial name: Calystegia silvatica
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Solanales
Family: Convolvulaceae
Genus: Calystegia
Species: silvatica

Binomial name: Centaurea grbavacensis
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Carduoideae
Tribe: Cardueae
Subtribe: Centaureinae
Genus: Centaurea
Species: grbavacensis

Binomial name: Centaurium erythraea
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Gentianaceae
Genus: Centaurium
Species: erythraea

Binomial name: Centaurea grisebachii
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Gentianaceae
Genus: Centaurea
Species: grisebachii

Binomial name: Cercis siliquastrum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Cercis
Species: siliquastrum

Binomial name: Cistus creticus
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Cistaceae
Genus: Cistus
Species: creticus

Binomial name: Clematis flammula
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Ranunculaceae
Genus: Clematis
Species: flammula

Binomial name: Convolvulus arvensis
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Solanales
Family: Convolvulaceae
Genus: Convolvulus
Species: arvensis

Binomial name: Colutea arborescens
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Colutea
Species: arborescens

Binomial name: Crupina vulgaris
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Crupina
Species: vulgaris

Binomial name: Cephalanthera damasonium
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Cephalanthera
Species: damasonium

Binomial name: Cephalanthera longifolia
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Cephalanthera
Species: longifolia

Binomial name: Cephalanthera rubra
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Cephalanthera
Species: rubra

Binomial name: Dianthus armeria
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Caryophyllaceae
Genus: Dianthus
Species: armeria

Binomial name: Digitalis grandiflora
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Plantaginaceae
Genus: Digitalis
Species: grandiflora

Binomial name: Dorycnium hirsutum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Lotus
Species: hirsutus

Binomial name: Fragaria vesca
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Fragaria
Species: vesca

Binomial name: Dracunculus vulgaris
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Alismatales
Family: Araceae
Genus: Dracunculus
Species: vulgaris

Binomial name: Epipactis helleborine
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Epipactis
Species: helleborine

Binomial name: Thymus sibthorpii
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Subfamily: Nepetoideae
Tribe: Mentheae
Genus: Thymus
Species: sibthorpii

Binamial name: Euphorbia glabriflora
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Euphorbia
Species: glabriflora

Binomial name: Fumana arabica
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Cistaceae
Genus: Fumana
Species: arabica

Binomial name: Geranium sanguineum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Geraniales
Family: Geraniaceae
Genus: Geranium
Species: sanguineum

Binomial name: Gladiolus italicus
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Gladiolus
Species: italicus

Binomial name: Hypochaeris radicata
Kingdom: Plantae
[unranked]: Angiosperms
[unranked]: Eudicots
[unranked]: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Tribe: Cichorieae
Genus: Hypochaeris
Species: radicata

Binomial name: Hypericum perforatum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Hypericaceae
Genus: Hypericum
Section: Hypericum
Species: perforatum

Binomial name: Iberis sempervirens
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Brassicales
Family: Brassicaceae
Genus: Iberis
Species: sempervirens

Binomial name: Inula sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Tribe: Inuleae
Genus: inula

Binomial name: Jankaea heldreichii
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Gesneriaceae
Genus: Ramonda
Species: heldreichii

Binomial name: Leucanthemum sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Tribe: Anthemideae
Genus: Leucanthemum

Binomial name: Lomelosia sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Magnoliopsida
Clade: Dipsacales
Family: Caprifoliaceae
Genus: Lomelosia

Binomial name: Lotus corniculatus
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Lotus
Species: corniculatus

Binomial name: Limodorum abortivum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Limodorum
Species: abortivum

Binomial name: Linum bienne
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Linaceae
Genus: Linum
Species: bienne

Binomial name: Lonicera etrusca
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Dipsacales
Family: Caprifoliaceae
Genus: Lonicera
Species: etrusca

Binomial name: Lysimachia punctata
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Primulaceae
Genus: Lysimachia
Species: punctata

Binomial name: Minuartia attica
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Caryophyllaceae
Genus: Minuartia
Species: attica

Binomial name: Cytinus ruber
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Cytinaceae
Genus: Cytinus
Species: ruber

Binomial name: Muscari commosum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asparagaceae
Subfamily: Scilloideae
Genus: Muscari
Species: commosum

Binomial name: Neottia nidus-avis
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Neottia
Species: nidus-avis

Binomial name: Neottia ovata
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Neottia
Species: ovata

Binomial name: Onosma heterophylla
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Boraginales
Family: Boraginaceae
Subfamily: Boraginoideae
Genus: Onosma
Species: heterophylla

Binomial name: Ophrys spruneri
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Orchideae
Subtribe: Orchidinae
Genus: Ophrys
Species: spruneri

Binomial name: Ononis sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Tribe: Trifolieae
Genus: Ononis

Binomial name: Pallenis spinosa
Kingdom: Plantae
[unranked]: Angiosperms
[unranked]: Eudicots
[unranked]: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Pallenis
Species: spinosa

Binomial name: Pinguicula crystallina subsp. hirtiflora
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lentibulariaceae
Genus: Pinguicula
Species: crystallina
Subsp.: hirtiflora

Binomial name: Prunella vulgaris
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Prunella
Species: vulgaris

Binomial name: Ranunculus sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Ranunculaceae
Subfamily: Ranunculoideae
Tribe: Ranunculeae
Genus: Ranunculus

Binomial name: Ranunculus trichophyllus
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Ranunculaceae
Genus: Ranunculus
Species: trichophyllus

Binomial name: Serapias vomeracea
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Genus: Serapias
Species: vomeracea

Binomial name: Orlaya grandiflora
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Orlaya
Species: grandiflora

Binomial name: Orobanche sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Orobanchaceae
Tribe: Orobancheae
Genus: Orobanche

Binomial name: Papaver rhoeas
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Papaveraceae
Genus: Papaver
Species: rhoeas

Binomial name: Salvia ringens
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Salvia
Species: ringens

Binomial name: Salvia sclarea
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Salvia
Species: sclarea

Binomial name: Salvia viridis
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Salvia
Species: viridis

Binomial name: Sideritis montana
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Subfamily: Lamioideae
Genus: Sideritis
Species: montana

Binomial name: Silene coronaria
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Caryophyllaceae
Genus: Silene
Species: coronaria

Binomial name: Silene italica
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Caryophyllaceae
Genus: Silene
Species: italica

Binomial name: Silene tenuiflora
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Caryophyllaceae
Genus: Silene
Species: tenuiflora

Binomial name: Silene vulgaris
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Caryophyllaceae
Genus: Silene
Species: vulgaris

Binomial name: Silene sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Caryophyllaceae
Genus: Silene

Binomial name: Spartium junceum
Kingdom: Plantae
[unranked]: Angiosperms
[unranked]: Eudicots
[unranked]: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Genisteae
Genus: Spartium
Species: junceum

Binomial name: Nigella damascena
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Ranunculaceae
Genus: Nigella
Species: damascena

Binomial name: Rubus ulmifolius sanctus
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Rubus
Species: ulmifolius
Subspecies: sanctus

Binomial name: Ruscus aculeatus
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asparagaceae
Subfamily: Nolinoideae
Genus: Ruscus
Species: aculeatus

Binomial name: Silybum marianum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Silybum
Species: marianum

Binomial name: Solanum rostratum
Kingdom: Plantae
[unranked]: Angiosperms
[unranked]: Eudicots
[unranked]: Asterids
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Genus: Solanum
Subgenus: Leptostemonum
Section: Crinitum
Species: rostratum

Binomial name: Stachys germanica
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Subfamily: Lamioideae
Genus: Stachys

Binomial name: Teucrium chamaedrys
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Teucrium
Species: chamaedrys

Binomial name: Teucrium polium
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Teucrium
Species: polium

Binomial name: Trifolium stellatum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Trifolium
Species: stellatum

Binomial name: Tragopogon porrifolius
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Tragopogon
Species: porrifolius

Binomial name: Tragopogon sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Tragopogon

Binomial name: Rosa sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Subfamily: Rosoideae
Tribe: Roseae
Genus: Rosa

Binomial name: Verbascum adenanthum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Scrophulariaceae
Tribe: Scrophularieae
Genus: Verbascum
Species: adenanthum

Binomial name: Veronica chamaedrys
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Plantaginaceae
Genus: Veronica
Species: chamaedrys

Binomial name: Vinca major
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Vinca
Species: major

Binomial name: Vicia sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Fabeae
Genus: Vicia

Binomial name: Viola alba
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Violaceae
Genus: Viola
Species: alba

Binomial name: Malva sylvestris
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Malva
Species: sylvestris

Binomial name: Vincetoxicum fuscatum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Subfamily: Asclepiadoideae
Tribe: Asclepiadeae
Genus: Vincetoxicum
Species: fuscatum

Binomial name: Oxalis sp.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Oxalidales
Family: Oxalidaceae
Genus: Oxalis